Silver Prices

 Silver's chart doesn't look like gold's. Although both metals rose to resistance areas & look like gold's, & that non-confirmation makes me question gold's fall. Silver is refusing to retire below 1200, where it finds strong support and, right now, its 17 day moving average .Silver's performance this week with a fall to 1185

Gold Prices

Day by day the price of a gold is reaching high n the demand of gold is increasing .day after day its making seting a new record of priceThere are several factors at play which are leading to demand for gold rising, pushing up the price: specualation,weakness of the dollar,inflation risk,psychological,seasonal.

*Weakness of the dollar: The greenback is commonly seen as the World's reserve currency. Low interest rates and the US government's massive economic support package have weakened the dollar.
Those who would typically have invested in that currency are looking for other places to put their money where it will, they hope, gain value.
*Speculation: A lot of the investment into gold is coming from institutions such as hedge funds - whose money needs to go somewhere.
When banks are offering very low rates of interest on savings - and money can be borrowed extremely cheaply - gold becomes attractive, observers say.
*Inflation risk: Gold is seen as a hedge against inflation. Right now, inflation is pretty low, but mounting worries about potential inflation in 2010 may be enticing more investors to the precious metal.
*Psychological: Gold has a "primeval" quality argues Adrian Ash of UK online gold exchange, BullionVault.com (which makes its money when customers buy and sell gold).
He says that while it is essentially a "lump of metal with little purpose", gold tends to hold its value over the long term and is not anchored to the value of cash.
This means that people are drawn to it in uncertain times, Mr Ash adds, though he cautions the price can be volatile.
*Seasonal: In Western cultures, individuals buying into gold as an investment remains relatively rare. It is not the kind of advice you are likely to get from a financial adviser, for example.
However, in countries such as China and India, buying gold as in investment is more common. And at this time of year, in the run-up to the Diwali festival, there is a seasonal increase in gold purchases because the metal is traditionally given as a gift.
Indian farmers are also big gold customers at this time of year - seeing it as a way of keep their profits safe after harvest - free from threat of currency fluctuations.

The Growing Demand for American Silver Eagles

In recent years, the demand for American Silver Eagles has expanded considerably. The economic uncertainties experienced during the second half of 2008 led to a dramatic increase in demand for physical precious metals. .
The high demand for Silver Eagles has continued with implications for both precious metals investors and collectors. The highly popular collectible proof and uncirculated versions of the Silver Eagle were canceled for 2009.The bullion Silver Eagles reached a new all time high for annual sales in 2008, changes the record form following year.

Purchasing Silver Eagles

Silver Eagle bullion coins are not sold directly to the public. Instead, the Mint distributes the coins through a network of authorized bullion purchasers. These dealers purchase the coins in bulk quantities and then resell them to other bullion dealers, coin dealers, and the public. They are also required to create a two way market with the public, both buying and selling the coins to ensure liquidity.
Silver Eagle can be purchased through several options.  . Since a large number of coins are purchased, this usually yields the lowest premium per coin. More commonly coins are purchased by individual 20-coin rolls. The rolls have a distinctive green top depicting the seal of the United States Treasury. It can also be purchased individually. The premiums for purchasing coins individually are generally the highest in the market.


*Collecting Silver Eagles

From the beginning of the series, Silver Eagles have drawn the attention of not only bullion investors but also coin collectors. The coins are often viewed as the modern equivalent of Silver Dollars. Coin collectors can assemble the complete series by obtaining one coin for each date and adding to the collection with each new release.
The Mint has also produced different versions of the Silver Eagle specifically for coin collectors. From 1986 to 2008, the Mint produced and sold to the public proof silver eagle.These coins are struck with specially prepared dies to create sharp features, mirror like backgrounds, and frosted design elements. From 2006 to 2008,it produced a collectible uncirculated version of the silver eagle .

THE SILVER EAGLE COIN

The Silver Eagle has become the most popular bullion coin in the world because of its beauty, quality and the assurance of content. Each coin contains 1 troy ounce of silver, is 99.9% pure.

It was first released in 1986 as part of the  Eagle Bullion Program. This program was authorized by Congress in 1985 to produce gold and silver bullion coins with their weight, content, and purity .
The design of the Silver Eagle is taken from the Walking Liberty Half Dollar. This coin was issued for circulation in the United States from 1916 to 1947 Which was designed by” Adolph A. Weinman” and is considered to be one of the most beautiful US coin designs ever created. coin.

American Gold Eagle Coins

Coin Market Value
Each American Gold Eagle’s price is based on the current market “spot price” plus a premium per coin. The spot price of gold (and all precious metals) is reported every business day in all major newspapers, network television and radio and online. Additionally, spot prices are updated daily on this website.
*The Coin Design
The beautiful and classic design of the American Gold Eagle bullion coin is captured in the graceful Striding Liberty, first created by Augustus Saint Gaudens for the 1907-1933 $20 U.S.
*Double Gold Eagle gold coin. The reverse depicts a nest of American eagles signifying the strength and security of American families. Only gold mined in the United States, by law, is used in the minting of American gold Eagle coins.

Gold as an Investment

Gold has always been the precious metal of choice by wealthy individuals, institutions and central banks.   It has never been abandoned as such.   Even when “Official” selling was at its peak, central banks sold only what they thought was sufficient to add credibility to the paper currency they were pushing to the center of the system, first to add credibility to the dollar then after 1999 to the euro.

Why is Silver rising faster than Gold?

 
Gold and silver have moved as money.   Gold and Silver Exchange Traded Funds have attracted massive investments in the developed world where trust in the monetary system is far higher than it is in the emerging world.   But it was the underlying gold and silver that attracted investors.    

The Gold and silver have substantial metals have differed so much in performance.  
·         in the past few decades silver has been seen as a commodity, mined mainly as a by-product of base metal mining, with only 30% mined in a pure silver mine.
·         Gold has always been the ‘senior’ monetary metal held by central banks as money until 1971 and after that as a valuable reserve asset in the vaults of central banks.
·         when Egypt was at its height and supplies of silver less than those of gold, gold has always been in far shorter supply than silver and considered far more valuable than silver.
·         Silver was rejected as money and as a reserve asset by the mid-fifties, despite it being treated as money throughout the ages before that.
·         Both gold and silver have been attacked as money through ‘official’ sales from the seventies until last year.   But gold was sold to undermine the reality that it is money.   Silver was sold out from reserves almost completely by central banks discarding it as money, completely.
·         Silver is consumed whereas gold is not, which will continue to be the case until less expensive substitutes are found.  This will only happen at far higher prices still.

Gold Gilding and Gold Leaf

Gold leaf is also used on the external and internal surfaces of buildings Gold has the highest malleability of any metal. This enables gold to be beaten into sheets that are only a few millionths of an inch thick. These thin sheets, known as "gold leaf" can be applied over the irregular surfaces of picture frames, molding or furniture.
 This provides a durable and corrosion-resistant covering. One of the most eye-catching uses of gold leaf is on the domes of religious buildings and other important structures. The cost of this "roofing material" is very high per square foot; however, the cost of the gold is only a few percent of the total project cost. Most of the cost goes to the labor of highly skilled artisans who apply the gold leaf.
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The greatest deposits of gold from these times were in the Andes and in Columbia.The rise of a gold standard was meant to stabilize the global economy, dictating that a nation must limit its issued currency to the amount of gold it held in reserve. . The system remained in effect until the end of the first world war, after which the US was the only country still honoring the Gold Standard. After the war, other countries were allowed to keep reserves of major currencies instead of gold.

Use of Gold in Computers

In the present world computer is one of the important electronic device which contain certain amount of gold,the importance of high quality and reliable performance justifies the high cost. It is used in many places in the standard desktop or laptop computer. The rapid and accurate transmission of digital information through the computer and from one component to another requires an efficient and reliable conductor. Gold meets these requirements better than any other metal. The gold in these components is generally electroplated onto other metals and alloyed with small amounts of nickel or cobalt to increase durability. Edge connectors used to mount microprocessor and memory chips onto the motherboard and the plug-and-socket connectors used to attach cables all contain gold.

Thus this prove that gold is very usefull and has very importances in this earth.

Uses of Gold(Au)

Gold is an inert metal.it is not affected by any of the naturally occuring substances like air,water,etc.it is not rusted and has long lasting and sparkles briliantly.all these features reside on the gold.hence ,gold is a king of metal .
Gold is used in making jewelleres and it is also used in gold plating ,making coins and medals, use in photography and medicines ,and also used in making statues.it has great use in this world n it is a precious substances.
gold is a substances which is not effected by air and water .
Gold is an ancient metal of wealth, commerce and beauty, but it also has a number of unique properties that make it invaluable to industy. These properties include:
• Resistance to corrosion
• Electrical conductivity
• Ductility and malleability
• Infrared (heat) reflectivity
• Thermal conductivity
The very gold has a  superior electrical conductivity, malleability, and resistance to corrosion have made it vital in components used in a wide range of electronic products and equipment, including computers, telephones, cellular phones, and home appliances.
It has extraordinarily high reflective powers that are relied upon in the shielding that protects spacecrafts and satellites from solar radiation and in industrial and medical lasers that use gold-coated reflectors to focus light energy.gold is biologically inactive .  hence, In the sector of medical research it has a great importance because it is even used in the direct treatment of arthritis and other diseases.
It is an excellent hedge against inflation, and protects earnings for the future. . Demand from investors who want to posses this precious metal is steady, and increases during periods of world crises or instability.  Modern investors can invest in gold the traditional way - by purchasing gold bullion in the form of bars or coins - or they can trade in gold or gold futures electronically, or by investing in gold mining or refining companies.in the modern world the gold has a great value and has a very high price and day by day  the price have increase far  more than before .
The demand for gold is growing so fast . The supply of gold from stored inventory and from mining operations is limited and will remain so.

The Gold formation

Gold is a precious thing which is found  it the  crust layer of the earth The  gold is transported though the Earth’s crust dissolved in warm to hot salty water. These fluids are generated in huge volumes deep in the Earth’s crust as water-bearing minerals dehydrate during metamorphism. .while its overall concentration is very low , rich concentrations of gold, forming ore deposits, are known throughout the world.
Any gold present in the rocks being heated and squeezed is sweated out and goes into solution as complex ions. This direction is generally upwards, to cooler regions at lower pressures nearer the Earth’s surface. Under these conditions, the gold eventually becomes insoluble and begins to crystallise, most often enveloped by masses of white silicon dioxide, known as quartz.  Veins and reefs of gold-bearing quartz can occur in many types of rock, for example around granites, in volcanic rocks or in regions of black slate, but in most cases these host rocks are not the immediate source of the gold.

The Gold deposits have formed at many different times during Earth’s history. For example, it is believed to have formed about 2400 million years ago, during a period of intense metamorphism and intrusion of igneous rocks. As a chemical , weathering and erosion gradually break down the host rocks and lower the land surface, the quartz and gold veins are eventually exposed to the atmosphere. The veins provide far more resistance to chemical attack than the surrounding rocks, so that mechanical weathering is required to fragment the quartz, thereby releasing the gold.  Because they are relatively heavy, particles of gold are more difficult to move and so become naturally concentrated in the soil.
These were especially important in the Ballarat district. Because of its resistance to chemical attack, gold can be recycled from one type of alluvial deposit to another. Thus Gold is extracted from sandy soil rich in gold for this the sandy soil is mixed with water and run on a sluice. By this process, gold gets trapped inside the blocks of sluice and is separated from the sand . in this way the gold is formed from the sand.

Silver Historical Background

The American Eagle Bullion program was launched in 1986 with the sale of gold and silver bullion coins. . A bullion coin is a coin that is valued by its weight in a specific precious metal.  Sources of silver include; silver mined directly, silver mined as a by-product of gold, copper, lead and zinc mining, and silver extracted from recycled materials, primarily used photographic materials..The dawn of the 20th century marked an important economic function for silver, that of an industrial raw material. Silver was used for the nation’s coinage until its use was discontinued in 1965.the ancient civilizations found silver deposists plentiful on or near the earths surface .from onwards the Silver has attracted man’s fascination for many thousands of years.. This metal took on near mystical qualities in marking important historical milestones throughout the ages, and served as a medium of exchange. Today, silver is sought as a valuable and practical industrial commodity, as well as an appealing investment precious metal.   Although silver is relatively scarce, it is the most plentiful and least expensive of the precious metals. The biggest silver producing countries are Mexico, Peru, the United States, Australia and Chile

Uses of silver

In the present sitituation silver is relatively scarce, it is the most plentiful and least expensive of the precious metals.we have a data which country produce the silver most and they are  Mexico, Peru, the United States, Australia and Chile.  silver supply is done through the silver bullion stocks. the sources of silver include; silver mined directly, silver mined as a by-product of gold, copper, lead and zinc mining, and silver extracted from recycled materials, primarily used photographic materials.
Silver’s artistic beauty and status make it one of the most romantic and sought after precious metals.These industries represent 95 percent of annual silver consumption. Silver’s superior properties make it a highly desirable industrial component. The demand for silver comes primarily from three areas; industrial uses, jewelry and silverware, and photography.
The unique properties include beauty, ductility,  sensitivity to light, malleability and electrical and strength, thermal conductivity, reflectivity and the ability to endure extreme temperature changes. The uses of silver are listed below:-
*in making valuabe utendils,cois and jewelleries.
*in silver plating.
*in making plane mirrors.
*in making silver nitrate and other chemicals.
*in making silver bromide which is used in making negatives in photography.

Silver

Silver is truly an indispensible precious metal.which have a great importance in presen world. It fulfills demand as both an investment asset and as an industrial metal. from ancient civilizations through modern times it has a grat value.it has been used in many substances It can be found in our smart phones, flat-screen televisions, and also find use in a variety of medical and so on.
prescribely,Argentite is the main ore of silver. First of all, the ore is powdered,concentrated and heated by hot air after mixing with sodium cyanide in a furnace.then zinc powder is added and stirred.silvver separates but obtained in this way is purified by electrolysis.

There are many different types of silver coins .
Silver coins are a very popular with coin collecting enthusiasts.

Popular silver coins include:

British Silver Britannia's
Chinese Silver Pandas
The American Silver Eagle
Canadian Silver Maple Leaves
The Australian Silver Kookaburra
Australian Silver Kangaroos
Australian Chinese Lunar Calendar Series

 The silver content is usually never more than 40 percent and are not considered collectors coins anyway.The above  coins are pure silver refined to 99 percent or better and It is a good idea to purchase proof coins rather than uncirculated, since proof coins retain their mint condition whereas uncirculated can possibility have scuff and other marks on the coins Steer clear of the early nickels and dimes that contain silver

Process of making gold

Mining

Mining is the first method , a machine called a "hydraulic giant" uses a high pressure stream of water to knock the gold ore off of banks containing the ore and  The gold ore is then washed down into sluices or troughs that have grooves to collect the gold.

  it is deposited it vein, the gold is mixed with another mineral, often quartz, in a vein that has filled a split in the surrounding rocks. Gold is obtained from lode deposits by drilling, blasting, or shoveling the surrounding rock. . The gold ore is then gathered up and taken for refinement. Using picks and small explosives, they then remove the gold ore from the surrounding rock.
   
    The three main methods used to mine placer deposits are hydraulic mining, dredging, and power shoveling Dredging and power shoveling involve the same techniques but work with different size buckets or shovels. In dredging, buckets on a conveyor line scoop sand, gravel, and gold ore from the bottom of streams.

Grinding

After the gold ore has been mined, it usually is washed and filtered at the mine as a preliminary refinement technique. It is taken  to mills, it is first combined with water and ground into smaller chunks. after it The resulting mixture is then further ground in a ball mill a rotating cylindrical vessel that uses steel balls to pulverize the ore.







.separating the gold from ore

A chemical element, Au, atomic number 79 and atomic weight 196.967, a deep yellow, soft, and very dense metal. Gold is classed as a heavy metal and as a noble metal; commercially, it is the most familiar of the precious metals. Copper, silver, and gold are in the same group of the periodic table of elements. There are many methods to separate the gold from the ore.floatation involves the separation of gold from its ore by using certain chemicals and air. The ore is dumped into a solution that contains a frothing agent ,a collecting, and a mixture of organic. The solution is then aerated air bubbles are blown in and the gold attaches to the air bubbles. The bubbles float to the top, and the gold is skimmed off.

The ground ore is placed in a tank containing a weak solution of cyanide. zinc is added to the tank, causing a chemical at the end result is the precipitation (separation) of the gold from its ore. The gold precipitate is then separated from the cyanide solution in a filter press. A similar method is amalgamation, which uses the same process with different chemicals. asolution carries the ground ore over plates covered with mercury. The mercury attracts the gold, forming an alloy called an amalgam. by heating the amalgam, causing the mercury to boil off as a gas and leaving behind the gold and The mercury is collected, recycled and used again in the same process.
    The carbon-in-pulp method also uses cyanide, but utilizes carbon instead of zinc to precipitate the gold. The first step is to mix the ground ore with water to form a pulp. Next, cyanide is added to dissolve the gold, and then carbon is added to bond with the gold. After the carbon particles are removed from the pulp, they are placed in a hot caustic  carbon solution, which separates the gold from the carbon.this is the way to separate the gold from the ore.

Physical characterstics

The  physical characterstics of gold goes like this The Pure gold is known as 24K gold, but most jewelry is made from either 18K gold, 14K gold or 10K gold. today's world the  yellow gold is still probably the most popular color of gold, by mixing gold with other alloys, jewelers can create stunning golden shades.which looks very beautiful the  White gold, pink gold, rose gold, orange gold and even green gold are just some of the many colors of gold.
Gold, whose chemical symbol is Au, is malleable, ductile, and sectile, and its high thermal and electrical conductivity as well as its resistance to oxidation make its uses innumerable. Malleability is the ability of gold and other metals to be pressed or hammered into thin sheets, 10 times as thin as a sheet of paper n are sometimes evaporated onto glass for infrared reflectivity, molded as fillings for teeth, or used as a coating or plating for parts.

The Precious Metal Gold

Gold the symbol of kings and the treasure of nations, desired by all but possessed by few, gold has been cherished for all of recorded history.  Gold is the  perfect money for 5 the reasons :-
* Convenience and portability
      Gold will always be  lifetime of wealth and  will fit in pocket.
*Divisibility
      Gold can easily be divided into smaller amounts. An ounce of gold can be split 100 or even
      1000 times.                        
*Consistency
       One ounce of pure gold is exactly the same as any other ounce, enabling worldwide trade
       and  liquidity  of gold – unlike unique items of jewelry or artwork.

*Demand
       Gold is still perfect money, perhaps more perfect money than money. Gold remains the
       time-honored standard of wealth that no other currency can match.
     
       Gold has a staggering variety of uses, even more today than in Aristotle’s time. Its unique
       properties keep the demand high and the relative scarcity of the metal insures continued
       value and in the present time day by day the demand of gold is increasing.In the present
        world it has a great importance
     
*Durability
      Gold has a very good durability it is unaffected by air,water,and ecen moost acids.
      Gold won’t rot, break, crumble, decay, corrode or tarnish. so it has a very good durability .

GOLD

Gold is an nobel metal. it is not affected by any of the naturally occuring substances.it is not rusted  all these features reside on the gold. hence, it's called king of metal.
it  is a soft, yellow, corrosion-resistant element, the most malleable and ductile metal,  A good thermal and electrical conductor, gold is generally alloyed to increase its strength, and it is used as an international monetary standard, in jewelry, for decoration, and as a plated coating on a wide variety of electrical and mechanical components.it is  recognizable by its yellowish cast, is one of the oldest metals used by humans.


the atomic number of gold is 79, its  atomic weight is 196.967; melting point 1,063.0°C; boiling point 2,966.0°C; specific gravity 19.32; valence 1, 3. The Latin name for gold, aurum is the source of the chemical symbol (Au).

 About 65 percent of processed gold is used in the arts industry, mainly to make jewelry. Besides jewelry, gold is also used in the electrical, electronic, and ceramics industries. The remaining percentage of mined gold is used to make a type of ruby colored glass called purple of Cassius, which is applied to office building windows to reduce the heat in the summer, and to mirrors used in space and in electroscopy so that they reflect the infrared spectrum. These indicates gold precious substances.